Rau Forest Reserve: A Hidden Ecological Gem in Northern Tanzania
Rau Forest Reserve, nestled in Tanzania’s Kilimanjaro Region, is a vital natural sanctuary established during the early 20th century under German colonial rule. Officially designated in the mid-1900s, this forest plays a critical role in preserving one of the few remaining groundwater-fed ecosystems in the country.
Location and Size
Located just 3 kilometres southeast of Moshi town, Rau Forest lies at the base of Mount Kilimanjaro’s southern slopes. Encompassing around 5.8 square kilometres and positioned at an altitude ranging from 730 to 765 metres, the area’s ease of access makes it a prime spot for eco-tourism and conservation-oriented tourism.
Key Highlights of Rau Forest Reserve
- Biodiversity – Hosts endemic tree species, primates, birds, butterflies, and small mammals.
- Groundwater Ecosystem – Features natural springs that support nearby rivers and farmland.
- Cultural Significance – The site features sacred trees and revered spiritual locations that are important to the traditions and beliefs of surrounding communities.
- Tourism Activities – Offers guided walks, birdwatching, cycling, and cultural experiences.
- Climate Regulation – Naturally moderates the temperature in surrounding areas, especially Moshi.
- Community Involvement – Managed through local partnerships promoting conservation and sustainable tourism.
Vegetation
Rau Forest features a rich array of dense vegetation, sustained by the underground water supply. The landscape includes swampy forests, open grasslands, and thick woodlands. The forest is home to significant native tree species, such as African teak (Mvule) and Oxystigma msoo, with some trees being centuries old and revered as sacred by local communities. In addition, the forest supports a variety of ferns, vines, and medicinal plants, which enhance its ecological richness and cultural significance.
Wildlife
Despite its compact size, Rau Forest is home to abundant wildlife. Notable species include black-and-white colobus and blue monkeys, Kirk’s dik-diks, squirrels, and warthogs. The forest also shelters numerous bird species, reptiles like monitor lizards, amphibians, and colourful butterflies, making it a biodiverse hotspot.
Climate and Weather
Rau Forest enjoys a tropical climate with mild temperature variations year-round. Daytime temperatures range from 20°C to 30°C, while nights are cooler.
- Rainy Seasons:
- Long rains: March–May
- Short rains: October–December
- Dry Seasons:
- June–September
- January–February
Humidity remains relatively high, sustained by the groundwater system and wetlands.
Best Time to Visit
The ideal time to explore Rau Forest is during the dry seasons (June–September and January–February), when trails are drier, and outdoor activities are more accessible. However, post-rain visits offer a lush, vibrant experience, with heightened bird and insect activity.
Getting There
By Road:
Only 3 km from Moshi town, Rau Forest is easily reachable by car, boda-boda (motorbike taxi), bicycle, or even on foot. The route winds through rice paddies, banana plantations, and traditional Chagga settlements, offering scenic and cultural immersion.
By Air:
Fly into Kilimanjaro International Airport (JRO), approximately 45 minutes from Moshi. Taxis and transfers are available to reach the reserve
Activities at Rau Forest Reserve
- Guided Nature Walks – Discover native flora and learn traditional uses from knowledgeable local guides.
- Birdwatching – Spot hornbills, sunbirds, turacos, and migratory species; mornings and evenings are ideal.
- Cycling Tours – Enjoy scenic rides through the forest and nearby villages.
- Cultural Encounters – Experience Chagga traditions, folklore, and sacred tree sites.
- Conservation Programs – Participate in tree planting, eco-education, and reforestation.
- Photography – Capture views of Kilimanjaro framed by diverse landscapes and forest life.
Nearby Attractions
- Mount Kilimanjaro – A global hiking and climbing destination, accessible via Marangu or Machame gates.
- Moshi Town – A charming base for travellers with cafes, markets, and museums.
- Materuni Waterfalls – A nearby cascade surrounded by coffee farms, ideal for guided tours.
- Chemka Hot Springs – Naturally warm, crystal-clear springs ideal for swimming and unwinding, located roughly an hour away.
- Lake Chala – A crater lake on the Tanzania-Kenya border known for hiking and birdwatching.
Accommodation Options
Budget ($10–$30/night)
- We Travel Hostel – Offers dorms and private rooms, free Wi-Fi, breakfast, and local tour options.
- Rafiki Backpackers & Guesthouse – Clean, budget-friendly rooms near Moshi, with garden space and tour access.
- Kindoroko Hotel – Centrally located with basic private rooms and a rooftop restaurant overlooking Kilimanjaro.
Mid-Range ($40–$90/night)
- Altezza Lodge – Features a pool, garden, and guided tour arrangements, popular among eco-tourists.
- Chanya Lodge – Peaceful setting with spa, pool, and eco-conscious hospitality near the Moshi–Marangu road.
- More Than A Drop Hotel – Social enterprise offering stylish rooms and a meaningful stay supporting women’s education.
Luxury ($100–$250+/night)
- Kaliwa Lodge – Eco-lodge with chalets, yoga deck, and Kilimanjaro views near Machame gate.
- Kilimanjaro Wonders Hotel – Four-star comfort with rooftop bar, gym, and proximity to major attractions.
- Ameg Lodge Kilimanjaro – Upscale lodge with fitness facilities, tennis courts, and spacious gardens.
Estimated Visiting Costs
| Activity | Estimated Cost (USD) |
| Entry Fee | $5–$10 per person |
| Nature Walk | $10–$20 |
| Bike Tour | $15–$30 |
| Cultural Add-on | $10–$15 |
| Local Transport (round trip) | $5–$15 |
| Average Day Cost | $30–$60 (excluding accommodation) |
Travel Tips
- Wear sturdy footwear for uneven or wet trails.
- Bring insect repellent, especially around dusk.
- Pack a camera for wildlife and scenery shots.
- Carry reusable water bottles and light snacks.
- Hire local guides to enrich your experience and support the community.
- Start early for cooler temperatures and better wildlife sightings.
Why Visit Rau Forest Reserve?
Rau Forest Reserve offers an extraordinary blend of biodiversity, cultural heritage, and sustainable tourism. Whether you’re an eco-traveller, birdwatcher, photographer, or cultural explorer, this hidden gem near Mount Kilimanjaro provides a unique and enriching experience with lasting environmental value.